A sore and SWOLLEN THROAT is more commonly a sign of viral infection, which can include common cold, mononucleosis, as well as influenza. Sometimes, a red swollen sore throat can accompany conditions like, measles and chickenpox as well. Sore swollen throat can also be caused by bacteria, usually by the streptococcus bacteria. Sore throat caused by streptococcus bacteria is commonly known as strep throat. So, sore and swollen throat are mainly caused by infection of the upper respiratory tract. Swollen throat basically refers to swollen lymph nodes of the neck, which many times accompany a sore throat.

Sometimes, allergens like, pollen, dust, pollution, and mold can cause allergic reaction, which too can lead to soreness and swelling in the throat. Some other possible causes of sore throat are, sinus drainage or post nasal drip, breathing through the mouth, sinusitis, bronchitis, excessive smoking, acid reflux disease, tonsillitis and pharyngitis. In addition to these, sore throat and swollen lymph nodes of the neck can be associated with conditions like, tuberculosis, glandular fever, lymphoma and HIV infection. HIV infection is responsible for weakening the immune system, which in turn can promote the growth of fungus like, candida albicans. This can increase the risk for getting oral thrush, which can produce throat soreness.